Idan aka zo batun maki shayin shayi, masu son shayin da suke yawan adanawa a shagunan shayi na kwararru bai kamata su saba da su ba: suna nufin kalmomi irin su OP, BOP, FOP, TGFOP, da sauransu, wadanda galibi suna bin sunan masu sana’ar. yanki;dan gane da sanin abin da ke cikin zuciyarka zai sa ka ji dadi ko kadan lokacin siyan shayi.
Yana da kyau a sani cewa irin waɗannan kalmomin galibi ana samun su ne akan asalin shayin baƙar fata guda ɗaya waɗanda ba a haɗa su ba (ma'ana ana haɗa su tare da asali, yanayi, har ma da nau'ikan shayi daban-daban) kuma ana yin su ta hanyar samar da shayi na gargajiya na "Orthodox". hanya.A mataki na ƙarshe na samarwa, shayi yana "girmamawa" ta hanyar sifa ta musamman, kuma an bambanta nau'in shayi na shayi.
Kowane aji yawanci ana wakilta shi da babban harafi guda ɗaya mai ma'anarsa, kamar P: Pekoe, O: Orange, B: Broken, F: Fure, G: Golden, T: Tippy ......, da sauransu. waxanda suke da alaƙa da juna don samar da maki da ma’anoni daban-daban.
Orange ba orange ba, Pekoe ba fari gashi ba
A kallo na farko, ba kamar yana da wahala ba, amma saboda ci gaban gabaɗaya na tsawon lokaci, yadudduka sun ninka kuma suna daɗaɗaɗaɗawa, tare da mafi mahimmancin "OP" da sama, daga baya ya rikide zuwa irin wannan dogon lokaci. kalma mai ruɗani kamar "SFTGFOP1".
Bayan haka kuma, akwai tafsiri da kuskuren fassara ma’anar kalmar da kutsen ya haifar.Misali, mafi mahimmancin matakin "OP, Orange Pekoe" sau da yawa ana fassara ko fassara shi da tilastawa a matsayin "Willow Orange Pekoe" ko "Orange Blossom Pekoe" - wannan hakika abu ne mai sauqi don haifar da rashin fahimta ...... musamman a cikin farkon lokacin da ilimin baƙar shayi bai yi farin jini ba.Wasu jerin shayi, marufin shayi har ma da littattafan shayi za su yi kuskuren OP grade tea a matsayin shayi mai farin gashi mai kamshin lemu, yana sa mutane dariya da kuka na ɗan lokaci.
A taƙaice, kalmar "Pekoe" ta samo asali ne daga shayi na kasar Sin "Bai Hao", wanda ke nufin girma mai kyau na gashin gashi a kan matasan ganyen shayi;duk da haka, a hakikanin gaskiya, a fagen shayin baƙar fata, a fili ba ya da alaƙa da "Bai Hao".Tun da farko dai an ce kalmar “Orange” tana bayyana kalar lemu ko haske a cikin ganyen shayin da aka tsince, amma daga baya ta zama kalma mai daraja kuma ba ta da alaka da lemu.
Bugu da kari, wata tatsuniyar da ta zama ruwan dare a cikin 'yan shekarun nan ita ce rikicewar darajar shayi da kayan shayi da kuma daukar inganci;Wasu ma suna lika zanen ganyen shayi, suna ganin cewa " ganyen na uku da aka tsince an sanya shi a matsayin P, ganyen na biyu da aka tsinka an sanya shi a matsayin OP, kuma ganyen farko da aka tsinka an sanya shi a matsayin FOP......".
A haƙiƙa, bisa ga sakamakon ziyarar gani da ido da aka yi a cikin gidaje da masana'antar shayi, ana yin tsinƙar baƙar shayi a koyaushe bisa tushen ganye guda biyu, har zuwa ganye uku a matsayin ma'auni, kuma za'a tantance darajar ne kawai bayan matakin ƙarshe. , wanda ke wakiltar girman, yanayi da kuma ingancin shayin da aka gama bayan an nuna shi da kuma ƙididdigewa, kuma ba shi da alaƙa da ɓangaren ɗauka.
An jera maki gama-gari a nan kamar haka
Black shayi maki a kallo
OP: Orange Pekoe.
BOP: Broken Orange Pekoe.
BOPF: Broken Orange Pekoe Fannings.
FOP: Furen Orange Pekoe.
FBOP: Furen Broken Orange Pekoe.
TGFOP: Tippy Golden Flowery Orange Pekoe.
FTGFOP: Fine Tippy Golden Flowery Orange Pekoe.
SFTGFOP: Super Fine Tippy Golden Flowery Orange Pekoe.
Bayan haruffan Ingilishi, lokaci-lokaci za a sami lambar "1", kamar SFTGFOP1, FTGFOP1, FOP1, OP1 ......, wanda ke nufin babban matsayi a cikin aji.
Baya ga maki a sama, lokaci-lokaci za ku ga kalmomin "Fanning" ( shayi mai kyau), "Kura" ( shayi mai foda) da sauransu, amma irin wannan shayin ana yin shi ne kawai a cikin jakar shayi, yawancin su kawai ana samun su. a kasuwannin kasashen kudancin Asiya a matsayin hanyar dafa shayin nono a kullum, kuma ba a cika samunsa ba a wasu kasashen.
Ya dace da kayan, dace da wurin
Bugu da ƙari, dole ne a sake jaddada cewa akwai wasu lokuta ba lallai ba ne cikakkiyar dangantaka tsakanin lakabin daraja da ingancin shayi - ko da yake sau da yawa ana cewa da karin haruffan Ingilishi, mafi tsada ...... amma wannan kuma ba makawa ba ne;ya dogara ne akan yankin da ake samarwa da kuma halayen shayi, da kuma irin ɗanɗanon da kuke so da kuma irin hanyar da kuke son amfani da su.hanyar shayarwa.
Misali, baƙar shayi na UVA na Ceylon, saboda an fi mayar da hankali kan ƙamshi mai ƙarfi da ƙamshi, musamman idan ana son yin shayin madara mai ƙarfi, dole ne a niƙa shi da kyau da murƙushe BOP;don haka, babban darajar ganye ba kasafai ba ne, kuma jimillar kima da farashi ba su kai darajar BOP da BOPF ba.
Bugu da kari, duk da cewa tsarin tantance bakin shayi ya zama ruwan dare gama gari a duk duniya, ba kowace kasa da asalinta ke da irin wannan matakin kamar yadda muka ambata a sama ba.Misali, shayin Ceylon, wanda aka fi sani da nikakken shayin baƙar shayi, sau da yawa yana da BOP, BOPF kawai kuma har zuwa OP da FOP grading.An san kasar Sin da shayin shayin kung fu, don haka idan ana sayar da kayayyakin kai tsaye daga asalinsu, yawancinsu ba su da irin wannan matakin.
Dangane da Indiya, duk da cewa ita ce asalin duniya na mafi girman yanki na mafi cikakken bayani, amma abin ban sha'awa, idan asalin Darjeeling kai tsaye zuwa ga ƙasa don tambaya da siyan shayi, za a ga cewa ko da shayin yana saman, mafi girma shine kawai. alama zuwa FTGFOP1;Amma ga farkon kalmar "S (Super)", ba sai an shiga kasuwar gwanjon Calcutta ba, ta masu gwanjon gida su kara.
Amma game da shayi na shayi na Taiwan, saboda nau'in noman shayi da aka gada tun farkon zamanin mulkin Japan, don haka, a yankin Yuchi, Nantou, idan baƙar shayin da aka yi a reshen Yuchi na gonar inganta shayi na Taiwan da Riyue Old Tea Factory, wanda ke da dogon tarihi kuma yana bin kayan aiki na gargajiya da ra'ayoyi, wani lokacin har yanzu kuna iya ganin samfuran shayi irin su BOP, FOP, OP, da sauransu waɗanda aka yiwa alama.
Duk da haka, a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata, shayin baƙar fata na Taiwan sannu a hankali ya koma babban shayi na ganyen ganye ba tare da sara ba, musamman bayan fitowar ƙaramin shayin baƙar fata wanda ya haɗa da tsarin yin shayin oolong na gargajiya, shayin da ba a san shi ba ya fi yawa.
Lokacin aikawa: Fabrairu-27-2023